The changing landscape of grading systems in US higher education     

Steven B. Kleinman  Mary Beth Leidman  Andrew J. Longcore 《Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education》2018,22(1):26-33

The following study explores the landscape of grading systems utilised in higher education, focusing on the frequency of different types of assessment scales (including Straight Letter, Plus/Minus, and other alternative policies). Although numerous studies have explored the relationship between university grading system and student behaviour, motivation, and overall perception of education experience, little research has been done to quantitatively analyse the number of colleges and universities that employ a specific grading policy. The present study addresses this gap in scholarship, using a sample of 620 schools from 12 states (and the District of Columbia) in the Northeast region of the USA. Results of the study find significant patterns of difference in the grading procedures across universities.  相似文献   

Correlation of Clinical and Histopathological Grades in Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients with Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva     

C. V. Divyambika  S. Sathasivasubramanian  G. Vani  A. J. Vanishree  N. Malathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(3):348-355

This study aimed to correlate the oxidative stress marker levels in saliva with the clinical stage based on mouth opening, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) patients. The study included patients clinically diagnosed with OSF (n = 63) and equal number of age and gender matched controls. Patients with OSF were defined by mouth opening stage, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades. Unstimulated saliva from both control and OSF patients were analysed for oxidative markers like lipid peroxides (LPO), non-enzymic antioxidants [reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C] and enzymatic antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and correlated with different stages and grades. Total salivary protein and LPO were significantly increased in OSF group with no significant change in the levels of GSH compared to controls. In OSF patients, a significant decrease in the levels of vitamins A, C and E was observed. The activities of salivary SOD and GPx were significantly decreased in OSF patients compared to controls. These changes significantly correlated with the increasing and differing grades of OSF that reflects increased oxidative stress with the progress of OSF.  相似文献   

Non-STEM Undergraduates Become Enthusiastic Phage-Hunters     

Steven M. Caruso  James Sandoz  Jessica Kelsey 《CBE life sciences education》2009,8(4):278-282

To increase science literacy and appreciation among nonscience majors, we offered a course in which 20 non-STEM (science, technology, engineering, math) undergraduates participated in a unique, two-semester research experience. Each student isolated and characterized his or her own bacteriophage from soil samples. One bacteriophage was selected for sequencing and together, the class annotated the genome of the newly sequenced bacteriophage. The class produced a group poster and gave PowerPoint presentations, and one student presented the joint work at a science symposium.  相似文献   

ISSR markers based on GA and AG repeats reveal genetic relationship among rice varieties tolerant to drought, flood, or salinity     

Ch Surendhar Reddy  A. Prasad Babu  B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy  K. Kaladhar  N. Sarla 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(2):133-141

Drought,flood,salinity,or a combination of these limits rice production.Several rice varieties are well known for their tolerance to specific abiotic stresses.We determined genetic relationship among 12 rice varieties including 9 tolerant to drought,flood,or salinity using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers.Based on all markers,the nine tolerant varieties formed one cluster distinct from the cluster of three control varieties.The salt-tolerant varieties were closest to two flood-tolerant varieties,and together they were distinct from the drought-tolerant varieties.(GA)8 YG was the most informative primer,showing the highest polymorphic information content (PIC) and resolving power (Rp).The drought-,flood-,and salt-tolerant varieties grouped in three distinct clusters within the group of tolerant varieties,when (GA)8 YG was used.Sabita was the only exception.The two aus varieties,Nagina22 and FR13A,were separated and grouped with the drought-and flood-tolerant varieties,respectively,but they were together in dendrograms based on other primers.The results show that ISSR markers associated with (GA)8 YG delineated the three groups of stress-tolerant varieties from each other and can be used to identify genes/new alleles associated with the three abiotic stresses in rice germplasm.  相似文献   

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate affects the growth of LNCaP cells via membrane fluidity and distribution of cellular zinc     

Jun-guo Yang  Hai-ning Yu  Shi-li Sun  Lan-cui Zhang  Guo-qing He  Undurti N. Das  Hui Ruan  Sheng-rong Shen 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(6):411-421

Objective: To evaluate effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the viability, membrane properties, and zinc distribution, with and without the presence of Zn2+, in human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells. Methods: We examined changes in cellular morphology and membrane fluidity of LNCaP cells, distribution of cellular zinc, and the incorporated portion of EGCG after treatments with EGCG, Zn2+, and EGCG+Zn2+. Results: We observed an alteration in cellular morphology and a decrease in membrane fluidity of LNCaP cells after treatment with EGCG or Zn2+. The proportion of EGCG incorporated into liposomes treated with the mixture of EGCG and Zn2+ at the ratio of 1:l was 90.57%, which was significantly higher than that treated with EGCG alone (30.33%). Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies and determination of fatty acids showed that the effects of EGCG on the membrane fluidity of LNCaP were decreased by Zn2+. EGCG accelerated the accumulation of zinc in the mitochondria and cytosol as observed by atomic absorption spectrometer. Conclusion: These results show that EGCG interacted with cell membrane,decreased the membrane fluidity of LNCaP cells, and accelerated zinc accumulation in the mitochondria and cytosol, which could be the mechanism by which EGCG inhibits proliferation of LNCaP cells. In addition, high concentrations of Zn2+ could attenuate the actions elicited by EGCG.  相似文献   

中职学校专业课程设置的实证研究     

任平  廉捷 《职教通讯(江苏技术师范学院学报)》2009,24(5):55-57

陈登职业技术学校在专业课程设置改革过程中,通过采取实证的社会调研方法,广泛收集信息资料,了解社会对职业教育的需求,对整个学校的课程进行了更切实际的改革,使课程改革更具科学性和针对性.  相似文献   

Human red blood cell behavior under homogeneous extensional flow in a hyperbolic-shaped microchannel     

T. Yaginuma  M. S. N. Oliveira  R. Lima  T. Ishikawa  T. Yamaguchi 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(5)

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Book reviews     

E. Jane Green  Stuart Biddle  Penny Crisfield  Roger M. Bartlett  N.C. Craig Sharp  Adrian Lees 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):147-158

Clinical sports medicine, Robert C. Cantu, (ed.), The Collamore Press, Lexington, Massachusetts, Toronto, 1984. 219 pp, £19.95 (hb), ISBN 0 669 06842 X

Sports injuries, a self‐help guide, Vivian Grisogono, John Murray Ltd, London, 1984. 293 pp, £7.95 (hb), ISBN 0 7195 4111 5

Athletes’ guide to mental training, Robert N. Nideffer, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois (distributed in the UK by Eddington Hook & Co.) 1985. vii +156 pp, $9.95 (pb), ISBN 0 931250 96 X

Scientific foundations of coaching, R.R. Pate, B. McClenaghan and R. Rotella, Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, 1984. xii + 344 pp, £21.95(hb), ISBN 0 03 057961 9

Mathematics in sport, M. Stewart Townend, Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 1984. 202 pp (hb), ISBN 0 85312 717 4

Frontiers of exercise biology, ’Big Ten Body of Knowledge’ symposium series, Vol. 13 K.T. Borer, D.W. Edington and T.P. White (eds), Human Kinetics Publishers Inc., Champaign, Illinois, (distributed in the UK by Edington Hook & Co.), 1983. vii + 295 pp, $31.95(hb), ISBN 0 931250 49 8

The knee, Philippe Segal and Marcel Jacob, Wolfe Medical Publications, Frome, Somerset, 1984. 143 pp (hb), £15, ISBN 2 224 00887 2

Psychological foundations of sport, J.M. Silva and R.S. Weinberg (eds), Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois, (distributed in the UK by Eddington Hook & Co), 1984. xxiv + 528 pp, £22.50 (hb), ISBN 0 93 1250 59 5

Physical activity and the social sciences, W. Neil Widmeyer, Mouvement Publications Inc., Ithaca, 1983. 472 pp, £9.00 (pb), ISBN 0 932392 13 X  相似文献   

The relationship between evaluative concerns and sport competition state anxiety among youth skiers     

Steven R. Bray  Kathleen A. Martin  W. Neil Widmeyer 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):353-361

Thirty-four youth competitive skiers (mean age = 13.74 years) completed measures of social evaluative concern and competitive anxiety. Consistent with past research, regression analyses showed that cognitive anxiety was related to performance-specific evaluative concerns. However, contrary to current conceptualizations of sport competition anxiety, somatic anxiety was correlated with concerns about evaluation of other non-performance aspects of ski racing. Competitive skiers were most concerned about parents' and friends' evaluations of their performance, and other competitors' and friends' evaluations of their skiing in general. These findings are discussed in relation to the theory and management of sport competition state anxiety.  相似文献   

The menstrual cycle and its effect on the immune status of female endurance runners     

M. Burrows  S.R. Bird  N. Bishop 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):339-344

Twenty highly trained, eumenorrhoeic female endurance runners were studied over three consecutive menstrual cycles. Average training distance per week, total years training and mood states were recorded throughout the three cycles. Salivary progesterone and menstrual cycle diaries were recorded over the first two cycles to identify luteal phase onset and the presence of any menstrual irregularities. Saliva samples were collected daily over the third cycle for analysis of immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentration and secretion and saliva flow rate. Twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences in mood states across the phases of the menstrual cycle ( P > 0.05). Training logs indicated that training did not alter throughout the 3 month study. One-way ANOVArevealed no significant differences in IgA concentration ( P = 0.92), secretion rate ( P = 0.84) or saliva flow rate ( P = 0.95) across the phases of the menstrual cycle. Pearson's product-moment correlation revealed no relationship between IgA concentration and progesterone between the phases of the cycle ( r = 0.39). We conclude that, in ovulatory female endurance runners whose physical and emotional stress are stable, IgA concentration is not significantly affected by fluctuations in progesterone during the menstrual cycle.  相似文献